Algebraic totalizer.



Patented Mar. 4. 1919.- 3 SHEET$$HEET| A. F.PO0LE. ALGEBRAIC TOTMIZE'R. APPLICATION FILED 18.21.1913.

A. F. POOLE. ALGEBRAIC TOTALIZER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 27, I913- 1 ,296, 1 1 8. Patented Mar. 4, 1919.

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ALGEBRAIC TOTALIZER. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21. 1913.

Patented Mar. 4,1919.

3 SHEETS SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR F. POOLE, OF CHICAGO. ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE WAHL COMPANY 0F WILMINGTON. DELAWARE, A CORPORATION.

ALQEBRAIC TOTALIZER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 4, 1919.

Application filed February 27, 1913. Serial No. 751,082.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, An'rmm F. PooLn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago. in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Algebraic Totalizers, of which the following is a specificathe accurate total of a series of items,-

whether the same be positive or negative, may be read.

Another object. of myinvelition is the provision of a totalizer showing the correct total on either one or the other of two sets of figures and having manually operated means to designate which set of figures shall be read.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a totalizer having a single set of reversible carrying wheels and two sets of figures paired 0-9 associated therewith, manually operated means designating which set of figures shall be read. and means automat cally inserting a unit in the totalizer when the designating means is changed from one set of figures to the other.

A further object of my invention is the provision of an algebraic totalizer in which the digits of a number may beinserted semctim and especially adapted to operate in conjunction with calculating machines of the type described in Patent No. 893,719 issued to John C. Wahl, July 21, 1908.

A further object of my invention. is to provide an algebraic totalizer having a visible legend which states whether the exhibited total is positive ornegative and also instructs the operator Whether the exhibited total shall be cleared from themachine by addition or subtraction. I also provide means to change this legend according to the sign of the said total. v

A further object of my invention is the provision of an algebraic totalizer which shall be simple in construction. positive in action and of easy manufacture.

These and other objects of my invention are described in the accompanying specification, in the drawings of which,

Figure 1 is a right side elevation of my totalizer; r

Fig. 2 is a front elevation with the cover removed; Fig. 3 is a section along line 3-3 0 Fig. V v i Fig. *4.is a partial top view of parts appearing oelow the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a section of the right side of a totalizcr taken along the line 55 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a. detail view showing the con-.

nection between the carrying gears and the two sets of number disks;

. Fig. 7 is a; front elevation of my totalizer as it appears when exhibiting a positive total;

Fig. 8 is a froiit elevation of my totalizer as itappears when exhibiting a negative total. a

As above stated, my invention is particularly designed to be used inconnection with the calculating machine described in the aforementioned patent. Reference thereto will. show atotalizer mounted on a type writer carriage, a set of numeral keys, any one of which serves to operate a master wheel 49 and a master dog 208; also that the depressing of any numeral key\results in the master wheel 49 and the do 20 movingain the following sequence: is

(a) up; 208 moves in a counter-c100 'sc direction (Fig. 1), thus unlocking the chain of the totalizer gears at the actuated gear.

( 6) The master wheel rotates an amount depending on the key actuated.

(c) The dog returnsto its original posithe totalizer of the above mentioned Wahl patent. This consists of a set of carrying gears 12 (Figs. 1 and 2) loosely mounted on a shaft 13 rigid between the plates 10 and 11 and which are adapted to cooperate seriatz'm with the master wheel 49 rotatably mounted in the framework. and a .set of carryable gears 1t pivoted'at 15.0n a set of swinging arms 16. Thesearms are loosely mounted on the shaft 17 and 18, and their associated carryable gears 14 serve to connect the carrying wheels 12. Arms 16 have heels 19 adapted to be engaged aeriatim by the master dog 208. The carrying gears 12 are provided with the usual carrying teeth which coiiperate with the carryable gears 14 and thus transfer the tens at the proper time. The chain of gearing composed of the carrying gears 12 and the earryable gears 14 is normally locked. In order for the master wheel to operate on a carrying wheel at the middle of the chain the'master dog 208 acts on a swinging arm IGQthere'by raising the carryable gear 14 mounted .tbereon out of mesh with the -earrying gears 12 to the right and left, thus unlocking the actuated carryinggear 12 from the next one to'the right.-

The totalizer ,is mounted on a truck 20 moving with the typewriter carriage. Number's are inserted in the totalizcr by the master" wheel one digit at a time, beginning with the digit in the highest place and ending with the digit, in the units place. Duringfhc insertion of a number the t \-pewriter carriage escapes step by step to the left after invention are those which have to "the "ulna-ding of posltlvc and quegatn'ue totbgc insertion of each diglt, thus bringing successive carrylng gems 12 into mesh with the master gcar 49 and successive swinging arms li'in a position to be acted on by the master dog 208.

The foregoing will be recognized as subs1 antially the operation and structure of the tolalizcr in the above cited \Vahl patent; the parts which are peculiar to my present do with tals and those parts will now be described.

Ri'gidly supported between the side plates" idand ll is a shaft 28 on which is lmiscly mounted-3a cl of |dle gcars 2!, there being one gear 27' m'eshmg with each carrying gear 1:? of the lotabxor. Mcshlng vllh each idle gear 2'? are two gears :25 and 26 I tth tably supported on shafts 21 and 22 rigid between the side plates Rigid with the gears 25 and 26 are the positive figure bearing disks 23 and the negative figure bearing (liskszi These have the figures from zero 70. to nine inclusive on thcir mriphery. There is a disk 28 and a disk 24c0nnected by means of an idler 26 to each carryin gear 12, and the gear connections are sun that the disks '23 and 24 always revolve in the same direction. The figures on these disks are arranged to progressin opposite directions and the totalizer is so us'sembled that when a 9- is-on the reading. line for the disk- 23 a 0 is Oil the reading line for the disk 24 and vice versa.

.\ suitable cover 29 for the totalizcr provided and this cover has two windows 30 and '31 through which the numbers exhibited by thc disks 23 and 24 may be read. Howover. sauce but one of these numbers is de sired to be read at any particular time a shutter mechanism is rovided for the superfluous munbelz. T is mechanism will now be described.

Rotatably mounted on the shafts-21 and 22 are segmental gears 32 and 33. These serve as supports for the shutters 34 and 35. which extend over all the number disks on the respective shafts 21 and 22 and the shutters are riveted to the segmental gears 32 and 3 -5. The shutters 34 and 3-5 are of suitable width torcgister with the openings 30 and 31, and when either shutter is behind its corresponding: opening the num- 1 0 hers on the number wheels associatml with that opening are, of. course. concealed. The two segnu-utal-gcars 32 and 33 are in mesh with an idle gear 36 rotatably mounted on the shaft 28. This idle gear in its turn is in mesh with a segmental gear 37 (best shown in Fig. 3.) rotatably mounted on the shaft 13. It will be readily secn that rotation of the segmental gear 37 will-be transmitted through the idler 36 to the shutters and enable one or the other of the lines of figures to be viewed through the windows 30 or 31. according to the position of the shutters. 'llusegmental gear 37 is held in its position b a dog 38 rotatably mounted on the shaft 18 and. held in engagement with it by a S n'in 4U.

most. mounted on the shaft 13 is a cam ll which is rigidly colunaztcd to a handle 42 by studs 43 and 44, which extend through suitable slots 45 and 46 in the side plate 10.

nism is ters so as to expose the alternative set of figures. Suitable studs 50 and 51 rigid 1n 'the side plate 'serve to limit the motion of the cam 41 in either direction. It will also be noticed that the cam 41 is provided with an extension 54 which engages the dog 38 and raises the dog from its engagement with 1 the teeth' of the mental gran-'31, during the rotation of the latter.

It is well known that when a totalizer having a singleset of reversible carrying mechathese ligures are paired in-ihe relation of 9-0, 8-1, et cetera, an extra unit must be added to theset of figures to be-read every time the totalizer passes through zero in either d rection. For instance, assuming 1 that a positive total is exhibited bythe tototal. exhibited is su talizer and that a reater number than the fitracted, the set'oi wheels which had been exhibiting'the positive total would now change to show a' number preceded by 9s in the highest decimal places,.

which number would be the correct arithmetical complement of the negative total, and a number would be exhibited on the set of figures from which the negative total is read, but the latter number, owing to the wheels being paired in the relation of 9-0, would be one unit less than the correct amount. l'have, therefore, provided mecha- I nism operating coincidently with the shifting' of the shutter which will automatica'llj add one in the units posed by said shifting.

To this end the segmental ear 137 also meshes .with a pinion 52 rotatafily mounted on a. stud [53 in the swinging arm 16 in the units place pf the totalizer. This pinion 52 is of suflieient,\vidtl1 (Fig. 4) to engage the carrying gear 12 iii. the units place of the totalizer; consequently every time the handle 42 is moved and the shutter shifted thereby, he pinion 52 will be rotated one step and an additional unit will be put iltthe units place of the totalizer. The pinion 52hasrigid with it a set of star teethfil havinguiotches' vhich are adapted to engage with the lock-L ng bar 60 when said pinion is raised out of mesh with the segmental gear 3'i'fond the" carrying gear in the units order. It is to he noted that'as showuin'Fig. 5,,the segmental gear 37, instead of having a locking disk like that associated with the carrying gears 12,

' has this locking disk made smaller so that. it

will not engage the teeth 61. Therefore, this disk offers ho obstacleito the rotation of the 7 gear 52 by the segmental gear 37.

It. is to be'noted that instead of making the disk associated with the gear ,37 of smaller diameter than the locking disks asrovided with two sets offigures place of the number ex:-

sociated with the carrying gearsll, this disk ma Y be made the same size, and like said locliing disksand the gear 52 SOlllLSllCtl that the passing hollowin these disks shall be in a position tofpermit the rotation of the gear teeth 61. One arrangement will serve just as well as the other. The parts are so arranged'that positive totals are read on the number disks 23 through the window 30 and negative totals are read on the disk 24 through the window 31. The numbers on the dlsks 23 progress in a counter clockwise direction (as shown by the" auxiliary figures -motion transmitted bythe pinion 52 to the number disks in {the its place will be turned in a. counter cl wise direction also. This, as will be seen by'referefncc to F ig. (i. will add one in the units place of the negative number disks Of course'one will be simultaneously subtracted from the number carrying Wheel 12 in-thz lnlitaplace. both on the ositive numeral .disks 23 but sinceas' -these isks are at that. time concealed bythe coiiperating shutter 3 this willbe immaterial.

Attention iscalledto the fact that at the time of the insertionof the units in the units place, subsequent to a passage of the total in the totalizer through zero, that the segmental gear 37 forms a locked chain withall the carryinggears 12 of the totalizer. Consequently it is innnaterialwhat the reading of the humber wheels is when this additional unit is inserted, for if any carrying is to be done it. will be transmitted throughout the entire chain. Attention is also drawn to the fact that the pinion 52 which connects the segmental gear 37 to the carrying gear 12 in the units place-of the totwlizer is mounted on a swinging arm 16. ThlS arm is the one which ,is' in engagement with the dog 208 when the master wheel 49 is in engagement with the carrying gear 12 in the units place 'of the totalizer. ConSequentl y at that time the pinion 52 is liitcd out of meal], thereby leavlng the carrying gear 12 in the amits place of the totalizer free to be moved by the master wheel 49.

,Vhile I have shown my invention employing two sets of number wheels it is oh vious that this is not at all necessary since one set of number wheels could be provided having two oppositely running sets of fig ures paired 0-9, and a. single shutter could be used to shift from one set of figures to the other. The articular reason why two sets'of number w eels were used in this preswriter pitch, and t ere would not be space enough to employ a number wheel with two sets of figures on it without making those figures undesirably small. However, I consider such a construction is an obvious equivalent of my invention.

I wish to direct attention to the advanta e of this algebraic totalizer over others in t to prior art, especially that disclosed in the patent to Hopkins No. 1038890, September 17, 1912, in which there is disclosed an automatically exhibited legend which instructs the operator when an additional unit should be added to the totalizer, in order that the totalizcr will exhibit the correct resultant of a sum of promiscuous positive and negative numbers. In the Hopkins machine, the shutter is automatically changed from one set of numbers to another, by the'passage of the. totalizer through zero. The instruction device operates in a cycle of two steps, one stop being given to it by the passage of the. totallzer through zero in either direction, and another step being given to it by the insertion of an extra digit by means of the key 93. In the device disclosed in my present application, it will be seen that by the simple expedient of making the shutter as well as the mechanism for adding a unit into the tot-alizer controlled by a single handle, I am enabled lo dispense with the elaborate mechanism shown in the cited patent.

it is to be noted that whenever the total passes through zero the nmnber on the exposed wheels will cxhibitn 9 in its highest place, and this can be taken as an ilNllCi'l', tion that the total should be read from the other set: of wheels. The handle 42 is then moved to its alternative position. and, in accul(l:l n(:e.\\'il;h what has been described, the correct total may then be read. If it is desircd to have some special de ignatiinc t show when the shutter should bechangod. an additional wheel may be used next o the highest wheel of the totalizrr and connected in such highest wheel by suitable. carryinp mechanism. and said wheel may haven designation such as a red mark or any suitable legend on its periphery. ll'owcrrr. T do n t consider such an additional sign particularly desirable. since the highest wln'cl of the lotalizer will always give the correct information by exhibiting either a 9 or a. 9 will be the indication to shift the shutter. and a (i an indiration to l't'nti from the number as it is exhibited. It is asslime-d, of ourse, that a lotalizer of sullicient shutter.

As before noted, the W ahl machine is provided with a lever by which the rotation of the master wheel consequent on the depressin of any key may be reversed, thereby enab ing the insertion of numbers either additively or subtractively. In dealing with positive totals, the total isusually cleared from the machine by throwing the handle to the subtraction position and )rinting out the exhibited total. The fact oi the totalizers returning to zero at-the end of this operation is a check on its correctness. To print out amegative total, it is necessary, of course, to set the handle to its adding position and print the number exhibited through the window 31. t Fig. 7 shows theappearance of the totalizer when it exhibits a positive total. It will be noted that the shutter 35 concealing the negative number disks 24 has inscribed on it Total. Erase by subtraction. Thus instructihg the operator how to manipulate the machine to clear the exhibited total.

The shutter 34 concealing the positive number disks 23 has likewise (Fig. 8) the legend Total? Erase by addition. Thus giving instructions for erasing the total in case the same should be negative. For the. sake of clearness, the legends referred to above have been omitted from the drawings of the shutters, as shown in Fig. 2.

Of course, the legends Total and Total may be replaced by Debit and credit, Credit and overdraft, or any terms appropriate to the work on which the totalizcr is used.

It is to be noted that, in my improved totalizer herein described, the act of exhibiting the. proper total of the items entered in the machine also automatically instructs the operator how to set the machine in order to erase said total, thus greatly lessening the liability to error. a

It will be noted that the operation of this totalizer is extremely simple, there being but one rule iuuassary for its operation: vim: if a 0 is shown in the highest place of the. exhibited number. read the number; if a shift the handle 42 and read.

Many changes can be made in the precise form. arrangement and structure herein described without departing from the spirit of my invention. since T claim:

1. In a calculating machine the combination of: a totalizer adapted to exhibit either of two numbers, a designating device shiftable to designate cit-her number, and manual tion of atotalizer gears, the sai means to shift said designating device and simultaneously add a predetermined amount to the number designated.

machine the combinaapted to exhibit either of two numbers, a master mechanism adapted to insert numbers in said totalizers digit by digit in either direction, a designating device shiftable to designate either number, and manual means operating independently of said master mechanism to shift said designating device and simultaneously add a predetermined amount to the number designated.

3. In a calculating machine the combination of: a totalizer embodying digit bearing members, means for actuating said members to register an amount thereon, means to add a digit thereto after an amount has been registered, shiftable means to designate certain digits on said digit bearing members, and manual means operative on said digit adding means and said digit designating means whereby a digit may be added to said digit bearing members and the digit designatin means simultaneously shifted at will.

4.?11 a totalizcr the combination of: a set of digit bearin members, said members being adapted to exhibit either of two numbers, a set of ca rryiug gears opcratively connected to said digit bearing members,a set of carryable ears connecting said carrying gears, the said carryin gears and carryable gears forming a single Iocked chain,a master wheel adapted to insert numbers in said totalizer digit by digit, means to unlock said gear chain at the actuated carrying wheel, a handle which may occupy either of two alternative positions, and mechanism connect in said handle with said locked gear chain w ereby said gear chain may be displaced a predetermined amount upon the motion of the handle.

5. In a totalizer the combination of: a set of digit bearing members, said members being adapted to exhibit either of two numbars, a set of carrying gears operatively connected to said digit bearing members, a set of carryable ears connecting said carrying d carryino' ars and carryable gears forming a single Toe 'ed chain, a master wheel adapted to insert numbers in said totalizer digit by d igit,' means to unlock said gear chain at the actuated carryin' wheel, a handle which may occupy either 0 two alternative positions, and mechanism connecting said handle with said locked gear chain, whereby said gear chain may be displaced a predetermined amount in either direction upon the motion of the handle.

6. In a totalizer the combination of: a gear, a second gear, a pinion connecting the two, thereby forming a gear chain, a dog adapted to hold said chain in a certain position, a pair of number disks also 2. In a (itllclllatillfi connected to said chain,

connected to said chain, and a cam adapted on bein moved to disengage said dog, rotate sai d gear chain and engaged number disks and then rci ngagc said do with said chain, thereby holding said chain and engaged pair of disks in a second position.

7. In a totalizer the combination of: a gear, a second gear. a pinion connecting the two, thereby forming a gear chain, a dog adapted to hold said chain in a certain position, a air of number disks also'connected to sai chain, a designating mechanism adapted to designate either of said disks also connected tosald chain, and a cam adapted on being moved to disengage said dog, rotate said eal-chain. and "engage number disks and designating mechanism and then reengage said dog with said chain, thereby holding said chain, disks, anddesignating mechanism in a second position.

8. In a totalizer the combination of: a gear, a. second gear, a pinion connecting the two, thereby forming a gear chain, a dog adapted to hold said chain in a certain. position, a pair of number disks also connected to said chain, a shutter mechanism adapted to expose either of said disks also and a, cam adapted on being moved to disengage said dog, rotate said gear chain, and engage number disks andshutter mechanism and then reiingage said do with said chain, thereb holding said chain, disks and shutter mcc anism in asecond position. a,

I 9. In a calculating'machine, the combination of: a. set of digit bearing members, said members being adapted to exhibit either of two numbers, a set of carryin gears oper- "atively connected to said igit ring members, a set of carryable gears connect- 10 ing said carryiir' gears, the said carrying gears and carryable gears forming a sin le locked chain, a master wheel adapted to 111- scrt numbers in said locked chain digit by digit, means to unlock said a gear chain at the actuated carrying wheel, a designating device whereby either of said numbers may be designated, a handle which may occupy either of two .alternative positions, and mechanism connecting said handle with said 115 locked gear chain and said designating device, whereby said gear chain may be displaced a predetermined amount and said designating device may be moved to an alternative position upon the motion of the handle.

10. In an algebraic totalizer, the combination of a set of gears, carrying mechanism connecting said gears, two sets of numbers associated with said gears, a shutter device, a gear advancing device, and manually operated means to operate said shutter and gear advancing devices.

11. In an algebraic totalizer, the combination of a set of gears, carrying mechanism vice, a gear advancing device, and manually operated means to operate said shutter and gear advancing devices simultaneously.

12. In a algebraic totalizer, the combination of a set of gears, carrying mechanismconnecting said gears, two sets of numbers associated with said gears, a shutter device, a gear advancing device, and a handle adapted to operate said gear advancing and shutter devices simultaneously.

13. In a totalizer, a casing having two sight openings, a number adapted to be read through one of said openings, a second number adapted to be read throu hthe second of said openings, two alph tical legends, and means having two alternate positions and ada ted when in one position to exhibit a num r at one sight opening, and an alphabetical legend covering the other; sight opening, and when in its alter nate position to exhibit a nuinber at said second opening, and .an alphabetical legend covering said first sight opening.

14. In a computing machine, a casing, computing mechanism therein adapted to compute positive and negative numbers, said casing bein formed with two sight openings to exhibit these numbers, and means permitti one of said numbers to be read while hiding the other, and bearing an exposed legend constituting an instruction as to the operation of the machine.

15. In a machine of the character described the combination with a totalizer ado. ted to exhibit positive and negative tota and actuating and clearing mechanism therefor, of a casing having a.si ht opening through whicl1 totals may be isplayed, and a shutter for said sight openmg bearing a legend extending over and adapted to'flbe seen at approximately the.

same position ,as the totals through said sight opening, when the numbers are hidden by the shutter, .to constitute an instruction with reference to the machine.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR F. POOLE. Witnesses:

Hnnm ELI GOLDBERG, DAVID D. Gomnnno. 

